ROBOTICS
Robots are smart machines that can be programmed and
used in many areas such as industry,
manufacturing, production lines, or health, etc. These
robots perform hard, dangerous, and
accurate work to facilitate our life and to increase
the production because they can work
without rest , and can do works like human but more precisely and with
less time. Assistive mobile robots that perform different kinds of work over
everyday activities in many areas such as industry, manufacturing, production
lines, or health, etc. are very commonly used to improve our life.
The robots are categorized based on the type of
control mechanism into two types:
Autonomous Robots
These
robots have the capacity to think itself and take decision on behalf of human
on various aspects. This is due to deep development in the field of
AI-artificial intelligence. These robots though are better have not become
popular in market due to several reasons:
a.
Autonomous
Robots have decision capabilities but at many places like nuclear power plants,
decision must be taken by the expert persons handling the power plant and not
by robot, else some disaster may occur.
b.
When
a robot is used a spy, it must be handled by military authority as some
decision require some harsh decision initially to get benefit later.
c.
Cost
of making autonomous robots is very high.
In these autonomous robot fail, here we require a
manually controlled robots i.e. Non-Autonomous Robots.
Non-Autonomous Robots
These robots have the programing logic to do the
desired task but the decision power lies in the hands of the controller (human)
handling the robot. Here the interfaces between the controllers can be made
using methods:
a.
Wired:
The
connection between the controller and robot is maintained using wired
interfaces. These interfaces can be serial or parallel and in both these
techniques.
b.
Wireless: the connection between the
controller and robot is maintained using wireless interfaces such as
Wi-Fi
Bluetooth
Wi-Max
Zigbee
etc.
Here the signals
are transmitted wirelessly in air.
Wi-Fi is a wireless network based on a series of specifications
from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) called
802.11. Wi-Fi uses unlicensed radio frequency, mostly in the 2.4GHz band. It
enables a person with a wireless-enabled computer to connect to the Internet
via a wireless access point.The geographical region covered by one or several
access points is called a hot spot. Wi-Fi was intended to be used for mobile
devices and localarea networks, but it is now often used for Internet access
outdoors. There are several types of Wi-Fi:
802.11a (offering transmission speeds of 24mbps to
54mbps)
802.11b
(6mbps to 11mbps) and 802.11g (24mbps to 54 mbps)
802.11n
(50mbps to 100mbps)
This
wireless technology can be combined with robots to develop a Wi-Fi controlled
robot.The major benefit of using wireless technique to control the robot is
that, we can receive the live information of the situation to the controller.The Wi-Fi controlled robot use Wi-Fi 802.11G standard
for its control signals through TCP/IP protocol, which has flow control. This
enables uninterrupted and reliable transmission of control signal to the robot
vehicle. Wi-Fi support high data rates which
enables good quality uninterrupted video transmission from the robot to the
display device.
Android devices are
powerful mobile computers with permanent internet connectivity and a rich
variety of built-in sensors, GPS compasses and cameras, Bluetooth and high end
processors running at an average of 500Mhz. Android uses the Java programming language.
Getting startedwith the Android is easy; the APPlCATION is open. In addition,
the Android APPLICATION allows easy access to the hardware components. Using
this feature of android phone, the robots can be controlled through Wi-Fi.
Wi-Fi enabled Robot is a system, whichcontrols the robot using the web page. To
makethis feasible we make use of the Beagle Bone board and Wi-Fimodule.
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